In 1853, Austro-Hungarian General Lazar Mamula ordered the construction of a defensive structure on the island to protect the bay from potential naval attacks. The fortress was designed in a circular shape, perfectly following the island’s contours, with thick stone walls and gun ports that provided 360-degree protection. Despite its formidable appearance, Mamula Fortress was never used for its intended military purpose—no enemy dared to attack the bay through this fortified outpost.
During World War I and World War II, the fortress was repurposed as a prison. Under Italian occupation in World War II, it became an internment camp where prisoners suffered harsh conditions, including torture, starvation, and inhumane treatment. Many lost their lives on the island, giving Mamula a dark reputation. These tragic events remain a subject of discussion among locals and historians to this day.
After the war, the island remained abandoned for decades. In the early 21st century, debates arose regarding its potential redevelopment. Eventually, a decision was made to transform the fortress into a luxury tourist complex while preserving its historical character.
The project was met with mixed reactions—some locals opposed turning a memorial site into an upscale resort.
However, the developers assured that the restoration would be carried out with respect for history and that parts of the island would remain open to visitors.
Today, Mamula Island has been transformed into the five-star Mamula Island Hotel. The historic fortress has been restored, and inside it now houses 32 designer rooms, three restaurants, four bars, a spa complex, outdoor pools, and a private beach. The renovation was carefully executed to maintain authentic elements of the fort, including ancient stone walls, arched passageways, and even cannon embrasures.
The island remains one of Montenegro’s top attractions, drawing both history enthusiasts and those seeking exclusive getaways. Mamula is accessible only by water, with yachts and private boats offering excursions to the island. Visitors can either stay at the hotel or take a guided tour of the fortress, walk along the historic walls, and learn about the significant events that took place there over the centuries.
Thus, Mamula Island has undergone a remarkable transformation—from a military outpost and infamous prison to a unique destination that blends rich history with modern luxury.